Sleep
is an active physiological process involving the interaction of various
components of the central nervous system (CNS) and other systems in the body,
during which various functions are performed: metabolic, physiological and
neuro-behavioral. Although the precise role of sleep is as yet uncertain, it is
known to be a biological imperative necessary for life and the body’s optimal
functioning. It plays a central role in the restoration of the body, memory
consolidation and affect regulation, and is an integral component in the growth
and development of the CNS, constituting the brain’s primary activity during
early development.
Waking
and sleeping states are regulated by two basic processes: The homeostatic
process that regulates the duration and depth of sleep, and the endogenous
circadian rhythm process, which influences the internal organization of sleep,
and the time and duration of the daily waking and sleep cycles. Circadian
rhythms are generated by gene expression and synchronize with other time
signals such as food intake and alarm clocks. Circadian time develops rapidly
within the first six months of life as a result of neuro-developmental
maturation and socio-environmental patterns (light-darkness). Read more>>>>>>>>>>>>
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